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The Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) specification allows users to specify up to four different WEP keys when configuring a router and for the specification of a "key index" (also sometimes called the "Default Transmit Key") used to specify which of the encryption keys is required to associate with the network. By manually specifying a different key index, an administrator would be able to manually rotate among the WEP keys without having to enter new keys each time.
However, AirPort drivers, in compliance with the Wi-Fi Alliance standard, will only associate with a WEP encrypted network when the router is set to use the key corresponding to a key index of 1.
Configuration of a router to use a key index other than 1 will likely result in either a failure to associate with the chosen network, or association will occur but no IP address will be assigned by the router's DHCP server; the precise failure will be router manufacturer dependent.
Apple AirPort base stations do not provide for the configuration of multiple WEP keys, so this issue does not occur when connecting to a WEP network created by an Apple AirPort device.
As a reminder, WEP has long since been broken due to weak encryption and has been deprecated as a network security protocol. It should never be used except to prevent only the most casual of users from associating with your network; it also should never be used in environments where any data security of any type is desired.
Whenever creating a wireless network, whether with Apple AirPort base stations or with third party routers, the use of WPA or WPA2 encryption in conjunction with a strong passphrase is highly recommended to keep your wireless network secure.
For more information on designing and creating AirPort networks, please see the Apple document Designing AirPort Networks.
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